Mitral valve surgery

Why it is done

The mitral valve sits between the upper and lower chambers on the left side of the heart. Most often it leaks (mitral regurgitation), sometimes because the valve leaflets prolapse or their supporting chords break; less often it is narrowed (mitral stenosis). Severe disease causes breathlessness, tiredness and palpitations, and can weaken the heart over time.

Repair or replacement

Where possible, the valve is repaired, keeping your own valve. Repair generally gives better long-term results than replacement and avoids lifelong blood thinners. When repair is not possible, the valve is replaced with a tissue or mechanical valve. Surgery for atrial fibrillation or a leaking tricuspid valve may be done at the same time.

After the operation

Most patients go home after about a week, and recovery takes around two to three months. You may need blood thinners for a period after repair, and lifelong if a mechanical valve is used or atrial fibrillation persists.

Risks

Risks include bleeding, infection, stroke, irregular heartbeat, kidney problems, the valve leaking again after repair and, rarely, death. Your surgeon will discuss your individual risk with you.

This guide is general information and does not replace advice from your own clinical team, who will explain the plan and risks for you individually. Last reviewed November 2026.